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Read the introduction to Macromolecules and answer these questions:
1. What is a Macromolecuel?
A Macromolecuel refers to a class of large molecules that are very important biologically.
2. What is monomer?
A monomer is a bunch of several molecules that are chemically bonded to form long polymer molecules.
3. What is a polymer?
Polymers are macromolecules that are built and broken down in the same way.
4. List the four main types of macromoelcules.
a. Protiens
b. Lipids
c. Carbohydrates
d. Nucleic acids
In the learning materials box click the link for the activity "making and breaking plymers." Use this activity to help answer the following questions:
5. What are the types of reactions that macromolecules are shown to undergo?
The types of reactions that macromolecules are shown to undergo are condensation and hydrolysis reactions.
6. Describe how monomers are joined together.
Monomers join together because condensation forms the molecules, they are joined by gaining other molecules; they all attach to eachother.
7. Describe how polymers are broken down.
A polymer is broken down by a process called hydrolysis.
8. What is the specific name for the bond between simple sugar monomer?
A specific name for the bond between simple suger monomers is Glycosidic linkages.
9. Which kind of enzyme joins monomers together?
Proteins are the enzyme that joins monomers together.
Back on the previous macromolecules page, scroll down to the
section on carbohydrates. In the learning materials box for carbohydrates click
the link to the “build a carbohydrate” activity.
section on carbohydrates. In the learning materials box for carbohydrates click
the link to the “build a carbohydrate” activity.
10. describe how you had to arrange the sugar monomers in order to build a polysaccharide.
The coners must connect so the oxygens can join and they make a polysaccharide.
11. Which building blocks of macromolecules are NOT used in building carbohydrates?
Amino acids and fatty acids.
Back on the previous carbohydrates page, click on the link
on the bottom of the page labeled “More on Carbohydrates.” Read the article and answer these questions:
on the bottom of the page labeled “More on Carbohydrates.” Read the article and answer these questions:
12. Why is sugar stored as glycogen in the human body?
Sugar is stored as glycogen in the human body because when energy is needed it boosts you up fast... The storage is like a back up plan.
13. Why are plant foods essential to animal life?
Plant food is essential to animal life because thats where animals get their energy.
14. Describe how starch is digested by animals.
Animals digest starch by the saliva in their mouth. The saliva breaks it down andthen goes in the digestive system.
15. What is "fiber" and why is it important in your diet?
Fiber is a special type of carbohydrate and plays an important role for your blood sugar levels.
16. What causes you to pass gas (fart) according to the article?
When you pass gas it is because there is to much air in your stomach and it needs to escape, you either burp or pass gas.
Scroll back up to the top of the
carbohydrates article and click on the link in the text to “Low Carbo Madness”
and read the linked article.
17. What are some disadvantages of a low carb diet?
Some disadvantages to a low carb diet are in the first few much there is a great weight loss. But later on within the year there is great energy loss and you will not get all the carbs that you need.
Return to the original carbohydrates lesson page and click
on the link on the bottom “Carbohyrates and Cavities” and read the linked page.
on the link on the bottom “Carbohyrates and Cavities” and read the linked page.
18. Sugars and cavities formation
Acid-producer + carbohydrates + teeth= Cavities
When you eat sugars it produces acids that causes cavities.
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